4.1 Revisiting classical pathways: context-dependent roles of Nrf2 and HDAC inhibition SFN activates the Nrf2 pathway through covalent modification of specific cysteine residues (Cys151, Cys273, and Cys288) on the Keap1 protein, leading to Nrf2 stabilization, nuclear translocation, and transcriptional activation of cytoprotective genes including NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and glutathione biosynthesis enzymes (63)
The novel perspective presented herein aims to bridge the current knowledge base to demonstrate the intricate and reinforcing connection between excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation while presenting an example of how specific micronutrients may have the unique ability to protect against all three aspects of the neurotoxic triad
Fluorescence intensity was quantified using the Zeiss ZEN software package
Low doses of tricyclic antidepressants , such as amitriptyline, are sometimes prescribed for pain management even in patients who dont have depression
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