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Its original vision statement was to enhance natural tobacco components that may have potential to either reduce or mitigate the biological activity of tobacco-burning cigarettes.43 This statement was later amended as follows: to provide smokers with products which contain biological activity mitigants.42 Biological activities targeted included reducing nitrosamine levels, nitric oxide levels, carbonyl groups, Ames activity (a measure of mutagenic and carcinogenic potential), ciliostatic and cytotoxic response, and possibly free radical concentrations.44 Numerous RJ Reynolds documents showed that the company considered adding mitigants, such as beta-carotene, to cigarettes.42 , 47 56 Mitigants were defined as antioxidants and other compounds for free radical reduction (i.e., reduction of the concentration of free radicals)57 , 58

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The core safety misconception is based on the claim that "tobacco-free means harm-free." This is fundamentally false