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Nicotine gums and patches may ease withdrawal, but they keep your body dependent on nicotine and can be costly over time

7 Conclusion The convergence of evidence across epidemiologic, immunologic, and mechanistic studies suggests that cigarette smoking influences MS not only as an environmental risk factor, but also as a biologic modifier of disease biology

It was based on the short story of the same name by Robert Silverberg

Nicotine withdrawal can start in as little as four hours from last dose

More generally, as these are all observational studies, causality cannot be established, and there may be unaccounted-for confounding