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Full article: Disposable electronic cigarettes chemical composition and health effects of their use. A systematic review Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Electronic Cigarette Dependence Index (ECDI) in a Colombian Sample E cigarette use to reduce cigarette smoking may not increase nicotine dependence Penn State University Popular electronic cigarette may deliver nicotine more effectively than others, researchers say Penn State Health News Nicotine dependence and associated factors among persons who use electronic e cigarettes in Malaysia an online survey Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy Springer Nature Link

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