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monocytogenes: Listeria monocytogenes LLO: listeriolysin O G+C: guaninecytosine O: somatic H: flagellar CIP: cleaning-in-place QMRA: quantitative microbial risk assessment BTM: bulk-tank milk InlA: internalin A Ca: calcium ions K + : potassium ions Mg 2+ : magnesium ions Fe: iron ions Zn: zinc ions Mn: manganese ions Co: cobalt ions InlB: internalin B idInlB: internalin domain of InlB WTAs: wall teichoic acids AMPs: antimicrobial peptides InlC: internalin C SH3-6: sixth SH3 domain InlF: internalin F IL: interleukin InlK: internalin K MVP: major vault protein InlL: internalin L InlP: internalin P LRR: leucine-rich repeat LpeA: lipoprotein promoting entry sRNA: small RNA DBD: DNA-binding domain RD: receiver domain FlaA: flagellin Crp: cAMP receptor protein Fnr: fumarate nitrate reductase regulator HTH: helixturnhelix GSH: glutathione BSH: bile salt hydrolase BCCT: betainecarnitinecholine transporter bile exclusion: bileE FFAs: free fatty acids GlcNAc: N-acetyl-D-glucosamine hlyA: LLO-encoding gene UTRs: untranslated regions HUVEC: human umbilical vein endothelial cells PC-PLCs: phospholipases C EVs: extracellular vesicles PMNs: polymorphonuclear leukocytes PAF: platelet-activating factor VASP: vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein PH: pleckstrin homology Lpd: domain of lamellipodin PI[3,4] P2: phosphatidylinositol (3,4)-bisphosphate IFNAR1: type-I interferon receptor B: sigma factor B PTSs: phosphotransferase systems AR: acid resistance GSR: general stress response OMVs: outer membrane vesicles Rsbs: regulators of sigma B QAC: quaternary ammonium compounds PAA: peroxyacetic acid Cl : chloride LAB: lactic acid bacteria CFS: cell-free supernatant MIC: minimum inhibitory concentrations LM: L

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.627533

(pp: 205), Birkhauser Verlag Basel

Butyrate inhibits inflammatory responses through NFkappaB inhibition: implications for Crohn's disease

Ohla et al., 2019)